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VOL. 10, ISSUE 3 (2025)
Mechanistic insights into transition metal-mediated cyclization for extended PAH scaffold construction
Authors
Devendra Tripathi, Dr. Vikas Dubey
Abstract
Cyclization Reactions of benzylic-chlorides mediated
by transition metals are powerful methods for building up PAHs with increased
molecular size. These reactons are primarily characterized by the consumption
of two atoms of palladium and the creation of new C-C bonds by intramolecular
coupled processes catalyzed by transition-metal complexes 1-4. These
transformations are mechanistically characterized by a sophisticated
relationship between the metal and its ligands, as well as the substrate.
Oxidative addition, migratory insertion and reductive elimination are likely
key steps in the catalytic cycle. Transition metal selection plays an important
role in the reaction path and selectivity. Palladium-catalyzed and
rhodium-promoted reactions are renowned for their multifunctional coupling
ability and formal C-H activation, respectively. Ruthenium catalysts have been
used predominantly in metathesis reactions and have demonstrated potential in
cyclization reactions with alkyne substrates. Ligand framework is a key factor
in the modulation of the electronic and steric properties of the metal center,
which dictates the reaction course. Being able to articulate mechanistic
subtleties of these cyclization reactions has in turn allowed chemists to
design more efficient and selective strategies for assembling complex PAHs. The
applications of the PAH structures produced by these cyclization reactions are
broad, ranging from materials science to medicinal chemistry, and organic
electronics. Similar methods applied to the cyclization of PAHs have been of
use in other areas of PAH and these include the following: the synthesis of
heterocyclic compounds, natural product synthesis and material science for
fabrics with unique characteristics. Owing to the continued progress of these
efforts, we can anticipate that the frontiers of what is to be expected from
laboratory-based organic synthesis will be expanded.
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Pages:22-30
How to cite this article:
Devendra Tripathi, Dr. Vikas Dubey "Mechanistic insights into transition metal-mediated cyclization for extended PAH scaffold construction". National Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Vol 10, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 22-30
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