Environmental rights are increasingly recognized as fundamental human rights within international legal frameworks, including the UNHRC’s 2021 resolution and the Rio Declaration (1992). While modern legal regimes emphasize the right to a clean and sustainable environment, ancient Indian Knowledge System (IKS) offer ethical and philosophical foundations for environmental justice.

This study explores the Panchatantra, a classical Indian text, to examine its ecological ethics and their alignment with contemporary international environmental governance. By analysing key fables, this study highlights how traditional narratives address resource conservation, wildlife protection, climate resilience, and ethical governance, reinforcing the notion that environmental protection is an intrinsic human right.

The study aims to analyse selected fables from the Panchatantra that emphasize environmental ethics; compare their themes with international environmental regimes such as the Paris Agreement (2015), Convention on Biological Diversity (1992), and UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 13, 14, 15); and assess how IKS can contribute to global sustainability discourses.

The research methodology involves a textual analysis of selected fables, examining their moral implications and linking them with contemporary legal principles. A comparative approach will be employed to evaluate their relevance to modern environmental human rights frameworks.